[:en]SUMMARY
The Use of Interrogative Sentences in Madurese Language in Bârighâân Village, Panarukan Sub-District, Situbondo Regency; Heri Budiyono, 120110201063; 2016; 112 pages; Indonesian Literature Department, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Jember.
Interrogative sentence is a sentence which is delivered to get an answer in the form of information, explanation, or statement. Interrogative sentence is functioned to ask for an answer in the form of explanation, to dig up information, to clarify, or to confirm. Interrogative sentence which is also used for certain purposes is called disguised interrogative sentence. The problems in this study included (1) what are the forms of interrogative sentence markers in the enjâ’-iyâ speech level in Madurese language in Bârighâân village, Panarukan Sub-district, Situbondo Regency? and (2) how are the functions and the purposes of the use of interrogative sentences in Madurese language in Bârighâân village, Panarukan Sub-district, Situbondo Regency? The purposes of this study were to describe the forms of markers and the functions and the purposes of the use of interrogative language in Madurese language in Bârighâân village, Panarukan Sub-district, Situbondo Regency.
The data in this study are in the forms of verbal data which are consisted of three types, namely (1) data of speech uttered by Madurese community in Bârighâân Village, Panarukan Sub-district, Situbondo Regency, (2) context data as a depiction of situation when the speech takes place, (3) informant data which are obtained through observation. The method of the data provision used in this study was an observation method with a participatory observation technique and non-participatory observation technique. The advanced technique used is a recording technique. Furthermore, the method of data analysis used was a pragmatic identity method. The pragmatic identity method was used to analyze the meaning of a speech. The method of data analysis result presentation used informal presentation, which presented the result of the analysis with ordinary words description.
Based on the data analysis, there are four types of the marker forms in the kinds of interrogative sentences in Madurese language of the enjâ’-iyâ speech level in Bârighâân Village, Panarukan Sub-district, Situbondo Regency. The first is an ordinary interrogative sentence which uses question words apa ‘what’, sapa ‘who’, è dimma ‘where’, dâri dimma ‘where … from’, dâ’emma ‘where … go’, sè kemma ‘which one’, bilâ ‘when’, bârâmpa ‘how many/much’, arapa ‘why’, bârâmma ‘how’. The second is a rhetorical interrogative sentence or an interrogative sentence which does not expect an answer. The third is a confirmation interrogative sentence which uses the word apa ‘what’ and a clarification interrogative sentence which uses the word enjâ’ ‘no’ or bânni ‘not’. The fourth is a disguised interrogative sentence which aims to beg, to ask, to instruct, to invite, to persuade, to insinuate, to invite, to convince, and to offer something.
Interrogative sentences in the Madurese language can be used to express a variety of speech act in which there were some goals to be achieved by the speakers to the opponents. Based to the analysis of the data, there are four types of speech act which can be expressed with interrogative sentences in Madurese language found in Bârighâân Village, Panarukan Sub-district, Situbondo Regency. The first is a representative speech act which aims to greet, to express sympathy, to suspect and representative speech act to praise. The second is a directive speech act which aims to invite, to instruct, to remind, to advise, to request and to prohibit. The third is a commissive speech act or speech act which makes the speaker acts in the future, such as a commissive speech act to invite and commissive speech actto promise something. The fourth is an expressive speech act or a speech which expresses the speaker’s attitude about something, such as a speech act expressing astonishment, expressing worry, expressing annoyance, surprise, and expressive speech act to be grateful.
[:id]RINGKASAN
Penggunaan Kalimat Interogatif dalam Bahasa Madura di Desa Bârighâân, Kecamatan Panarukan, Kabupaten Situbondo; Heri Budiyono; 120110201063; 2016; 112 halaman; Jurusan Sastra Indonesia Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Jember.
Kalimat interogatif adalah kalimat yang disampaikan dengan maksud mendapat jawaban berupa informasi, penjelasan, atau pernyataan. Kalimat interogatif berfungsi untuk meminta jawaban berupa penjelasan, untuk menggali informasi, untuk klarifikasi, atau konfirmasi. Kalimat interogatif juga digunakan untuk tujuan-tujuan tertentu yang disebut kalimat interogatif tersamar. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini meliputi (1) apa saja bentuk-bentuk penanda kalimat interogatif pada tingkat tutur enjâ’-iyâ dalam bahasa Madura (selanjutnya disingkat BM) di Desa Bârighâân, Kecamatan Panarukan, Kabupaten Situbondo? dan (2) bagaimana fungsi dan tujuan penggunaan kalimat interogatif BM di Desa Bârighâân, Kecamatan Panarukan, Kabupaten Situbondo? Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk Penanda serta fungsi dan tujuan penggunaan kalimat interogatif BM di Desa Bârighâân, Kecamatan Panarukan, Kabupaten Situbondo.
Data dalam penelitian ini berupa data lisan yang terdiri atas tiga jenis, (1) data tuturan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Madura di desa Bârighâân, Kecamatan Panarukan, Kabupaten Situbondo, (2) data konteks sebagai penggambaran situasi pada saat tuturan berlangsung, (3) data informan yang diperoleh melalui observasi. Metode penyediaan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode simak dengan teknik simak libat cakap dan teknik simak bebas libat cakap. Teknik lanjutan yang dipakai adalah teknik catat. Selanjutnya, metode analisis data yang digunakan ialah metode padan pragmatik. Metode padan pragmatik digunakan untuk menganalisis maksud suatu tuturan. Metode penyajian hasil analisis data menggunakan penyajian informal, yaitu menyajikan hasil analisis dengan uraian kata-kata biasa.
Bentuk-bentuk penanda pada jenis-jenis kalimat interogatif dalam BM tingkat tutur enjâ’-iyâ di Desa Bârighâân, Kecamatan Panarukan, Kabupaten Situbondo terdapat empat jenis. Pertama, kalimat interogatif biasa dengan menggunakan kata tanya apa ‘apa’, sapa ‘siapa’, è dimma ‘dimana’, dâri dimma ‘dari mana’, dâ’emma ‘kemana’, sè kemma ‘yang mana’, bilâ ‘kapan’, bârâmpa ‘berapa’, arapa ‘kenapa’, bârâmma ‘bagaimana’. Kedua, kalimat interogatif retorik atau kalimat interogatif yang tidak membutuhkan jawaban. Ketiga, kalimat interogatif konfirmasi menggunakan kata apa ‘apa’ dan, kalimat interogatif klarifikasi menggunakan kata enjâ’ ‘tidak’ atau bânni ‘bukan’. Keempat, kalimat interogatif tersamar untuk tujuan memohon, meminta, menyuruh, mengajak, merayu, menyindir, meyakinkan, dan menawarkan sesuatu.
Kalimat interogatif dalam BM dapat difungsikan untuk menyatakan berbagai tindak tutur yang di dalamnya terdapat tujuan-tujuan yang hendak dicapai oleh penutur kepada lawan tutur. Dari analisis data yang ditemukan di Desa Bârighâân Kecamatan Panarukan Kabupaten Situbondo Tindak tutur yang dapat dinyatakan dengan kalimat interogatif dalam BM terdapat empat tindak tutur. Pertama, tindak tutur representatif yang memiliki tujuan menyapa, menyatakan simpati, mencurigai dan tindak tutur representatif untuk memuji. Kedua, tindak tutur direktif untuk mengajak, menyuruh, mengingatkan, menyarankan, meminta dan melarang. Ketiga, tindak tutur komisif atau tindak tutur yang membuat penutur melakukan perbuatan di masa yang akan datang yaitu diantaranya tindak tutur komisif untuk mengajak dan tindak tutur komisif untuk menjanjikan sesuatu. Keempat, tindak tutur ekspresif atau tindak tutur yang mengungkapkan sikap penutur tentang sesuatu yaitu diantaranya tindak tutur mengungkapkan rasa heran, mengungkapkan rasa khawatir, mengungkapkan rasa jengkel, terkejut, dan tindak tutur ekspresif berterima kasih.
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